The major elements for navigating through economic fluctuations are spending and taxation. Macroeconomic theory typically deals with business cycles. A procyclical fiscal policy aims to magnify the fluctuation. During an economic boom, one such policy could include lowering taxes. Conversely, countercyclical fiscal policies intend to cool down a booming economy or stimulate a slow one. This may work in the form of ‘progressive taxation’. This system would change the taxation based upon economic imbalances. If the economy rises, taxes would increase leading to a decrease in demand. These policies are known as automatic stabilisers. Some critics argue that countercyclical policies can be deleterious as they threaten economic freedom and may lead to further spending.